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▸Small plots of land fuel big suspicions among Lubbock residents, who fear it’s for a data center— The Texas Tribune▸Willie Nelson urges Americans to fight 'water thieving' AI data centers devouring rural Texas farmland— Fox News▸Map Shows Data Centers In Texas As Willie Nelson Speaks Out— newsweek.com▸Willie Nelson is fighting data centers near his Texas hometown: 'The last thing we need'— Business Insider Africa▸Rowan files for second building at data center campus in Temple, Texas— Data Center Dynamics▸Willie Nelson Lashes Out at AI Data Center Construction in Texas: ‘Loud, Water-Thieving, Light Polluting’— Billboard▸Data centers are being built across Texas every day. Here's what goes on inside one in Austin— KUT▸Willie Nelson Says AI Data Center Is ‘the Last Thing’ His Texas Hometown Needs— people.com▸Austin leaders eye water conservation measures for major projects as data center growth raises resource concerns— Community Impact▸Texas data center boom gets a new foe: Willie Nelson— Chron▸Willie Nelson joins backlash to ‘water thieving, light polluting’ data centers— Houston Chronicle▸'Invading our land' | Willie Nelson speaks out against Central Texas data center— KCENTV.com▸New York Data Center Moratorium Will Hurt Economy, Jobs, Innovation, & Risk Higher Electricity Prices— Americans for Tax Reform▸Texas residents fought a Cedar Creek Lake data center, then the developer walked away— The Cool Down
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BIG DATA DAMAGEThe Texas Data Center Watchdog

By location

Is a data center near you?

We're tracking the Texas cities, counties, and aquifers where data centers are hitting landowners hardest. Find yours.

Hotspot map

Where the fight is

Tap a marker to open that community.

Map layers
  • Proposed
  • Permitted
  • Under construction
  • Operating
  • Community we cover
  • Water service area
  • County line
  • Groundwater district (approx.)

By the numbers

Data centers and Texas water, measured

Our original analysis of where Texas data centers land relative to the public water systems Texans depend on. Every figure is sourced and reproducible — use it, cite it.

81
data centers tracked across Texas
Big Data Damage facility tracker — each entry source-linked
57
fall inside a mapped public water-supply service area
Overlay vs. USGS Public-Supply Water Service Areas (2017)
14
public water systems have a tracked data center in their territory
Distinct USGS service areas containing ≥1 tracked facility
5.27M
Texans are served by those 14 water systems
Combined USGS population-served figures for those systems
24
sit outside any mapped service area — typically well-reliant land
Tracked facilities with no overlapping USGS service area
44
fall inside a groundwater conservation district's jurisdiction
Overlay vs. TWDB groundwater conservation districts (approximate, 2019)

Where the 81 tracked facilities draw their water

Inside a public water system, a facility shares a supply with surrounding homes and farms. Outside one, the surrounding land typically relies on private groundwater wells.

Inside a public water-supply service area57
Outside any mapped area (private wells / groundwater)24

The 87 tracked facilities by status

Updated as our discovery pipeline confirms new public records. See every facility in the tracker below.

Operating37
Under construction41
Permitted1
Proposed8

Methodology

How we measured this

We took the coordinates of every data center in our tracker and tested, point-by-point, which ones fall inside a mapped public water-supply service area — and, separately, inside a groundwater conservation district's jurisdiction. Population figures are the total each affected water system reports serving. Analysis last computed June 30, 2026.

Sources

What these numbers do and don't mean

  • Shared supply, not consumption: a facility falling inside a water system's territory means it shares that public supply — it is not a measure of how much water the data center itself draws.
  • The USGS service-area layer reflects 2017 boundaries; some systems have changed since.
  • Our tracker is a curated, source-linked inventory of known Texas data centers, not an exhaustive census of every facility in the state.
  • Population figures are the total served by each water system, not the number of people affected by a data center.
  • Groundwater conservation district boundaries (TWDB/TCEQ) are approximate, reflect 2019 data, and do not represent legal jurisdictional descriptions — confirm a parcel's district with the district directly.

For journalists & researchers

Cite this analysis

Free to cite and republish with attribution (CC BY 4.0). Working on a story? Reach us at 214-206-3377.

Big Data Damage. (2026). Texas Data Center Water Impact Analysis. https://www.bigdatadamage.com/locations

Last updated June 30, 2026.

Communities

Communities we cover

17 Texas communities on the front lines — tap any to open.

GranburyHotspotHood County · Trinity AquiferAmarilloHotspotPotter County · Ogallala AquiferChildressHotspotChildress CountySan MarcosHotspotHays County · Edwards AquiferTempleHotspotBell County · Trinity AquiferCorpus ChristiHotspotNueces County · Gulf Coast AquiferWaco – Lacy LakeviewHotspotMcLennan County · Trinity AquiferHarlingenHotspotCameron County · Gulf Coast AquiferSulphur SpringsHotspotHopkins County · Trinity AquiferRed OakHotspotEllis County · Trinity AquiferMidlothianHotspotEllis County · Trinity AquiferSweetwaterNolan County · Dockum AquiferOdessaEctor CountyHillsboroHill County · Trinity AquiferCorsicanaNavarro County · Carrizo–Wilcox AquiferAbileneTaylor County · Seymour AquiferLaredoWebb County

Don't see your area? It may still be affected — tell us what's happening near you on the contact page.

The tracker

Every data center on the tracker

87 facilities across 26 Texas counties. Each links to its public source record.

Bastrop County(1)

  • Bastrop Project One Data Center · Bastrop — Operating · source

Bell County(5)

  • Meta Data Center · Temple — Operating · source
  • Oppidan Data Center · Temple — Proposed · source
  • Rowan Data Center · Temple — Under construction · source
  • Temple Data Center Data Center · Temple — Under construction · source
  • Temple Green Data Center Data Center · Temple — Operating · source

Bexar County(12)

  • Alamo Data Center Data Center · San Antonio — Under construction · source
  • ALE60 Data Center Data Center · San Antonio — Operating · source
  • Amazon Data Center · San Antonio — Proposed · source
  • Microsoft Corporation (SAT 15-17) Data Center · San Antonio — Under construction · source
  • Microsoft Corporation (SAT 80-85) Data Center · San Antonio — Under construction · source
  • Microsoft Corporation (SAT 89-90) Data Center · San Antonio — Under construction · source
  • Microsoft Corporation (SAT09 - SAT13) Data Center · San Antonio — Under construction · source
  • Microsoft San Antonio (SAT14) Data Center · San Antonio — Operating · source
  • Rowan Digital Data Center · San Antonio — Under construction · source
  • San Antonio Data Center II Data Center · San Antonio — Operating · source
  • San Antonio Data Center III Data Center · San Antonio — Operating · source
  • SDC SATB1 Data Center · San Antonio — Operating · source

Bosque County(2)

  • C1 Bosque I Data Center · Clifton — Under construction · source
  • C1 Bosque II LLC Data Center · Clifton — Under construction · source

Brazos County(1)

  • Rellis Campus Data and Research Center Data Center · Bryan — Operating · source

Cameron County(1)

  • Eneus Energy Data Center — Proposed · source

Childress County(2)

  • IREN Childress Campus (Horizon 1) · Childress — Operating · source
  • Lancium Childress Clean Campus · Childress — Proposed · source

Collin County(2)

  • C1 Dallas - Allen (LOT 1) LLC Data Center · Allen — Operating · source
  • DFW-04 Data Center Data Center · Plano — Under construction · source

Dallas County(13)

  • C1 Richardson LLC Data Center Data Center · Richardson — Operating · source
  • DFW 37 Data Center · Garland — Operating · source
  • DFW02 LANCASTER (STACK) Data Center · Lancaster — Under construction · source
  • Digital Garland Data Center · Garland — Operating · source
  • Digital Realty Trust Inc. Data Center — Proposed · source
  • LinkedIn Richardson Texas Data Center Data Center · Richardson — Operating · source
  • NTT Global Data Centers Americas - Dallas TX2 Data Center · Dallas — Operating · source
  • NTT Global Data Centers Americas - Dallas TX3 Data Center · Dallas — Operating · source
  • NTT Global Data Centers Americas - Dallas TX4 Data Center · Dallas — Operating · source
  • PowerCampus Dallas by Lancaster Data Center Campus LP Data Center · Lancaster — Under construction · source
  • Project Watertower Data Center · Dallas — Under construction · source
  • QTS Irving DC3 Data Center Data Center · Irving — Operating · source
  • State Farm Richardson Data Center Data Center · Richardson — Operating · source

Denton County(3)

  • Denton Data Center Data Center · Denton — Under construction · source
  • Hackberry Data Center Data Center · Hackberry — Operating · source
  • Lewisville DFW38 Data Center · Lewisville — Operating · source

Ector County(1)

  • Cipher Mining Technologies Inc. - Odessa Site Data Center · Odessa — Operating · source

El Paso County(1)

  • Meta Data Center · El Paso — Operating · source

Ellis County(6)

  • DFW 10 Data Center · Red Oak — Operating · source
  • DFW 11 Data Center · Red Oak — Operating · source
  • DFW 12 Data Center · Red Oak — Operating · source
  • DFW 9 Data Center · Red Oak — Operating · source
  • Red Oak Texas Data Center 2 Data Center · Red Oak — Under construction · source
  • Red Oak Texas Data Center Data Center · Red Oak — Under construction · source

Freestone County(1)

  • Freestone Data Center Data Center · Fairfield — Under construction · source

Harris County(4)

  • Cutten Data Center Data Center · Houston — Under construction · source
  • Cyrusone LLC - Houston West III Data Center Data Center · Houston — Under construction · source
  • Hockley Data Center Data Center · Hockley — Operating · source
  • Shell Data Center · Houston — Operating · source

Hill County(1)

  • Nexus Data Centers Data Center · Hubbard — Under construction · source

Hood County(1)

  • Comanche Circle Data Center — Permitted · source

Lubbock County(1)

  • Fluidstack Abernathy Data Center Data Center · Abernathy — Under construction · source

McLennan County(1)

  • Galaxy Digital Data Center · McGregor — Proposed · source

Milam County(4)

  • Milam County Data Center Data Center · Cameron — Under construction · source
  • Riot Rockdale Data Center · Rockdale — Under construction · source
  • Riot Rockdale Data Center 1 Data Center · Rockdale — Under construction · source
  • Whinstone US Data Center Data Center · Rockdale — Operating · source

Navarro County(3)

  • Riot Corsicana Data Center 02 Data Center · Corsicana — Under construction · source
  • Riot Corsicana Data Center Data Center · Corsicana — Under construction · source
  • Riot Corsicana Data Center I Data Center · Corsicana — Under construction · source

Nueces County(2)

  • Beacon Point AI Data Center · Corpus Christi — Proposed · source
  • Hut 8 Data Center — Proposed · source

Potter County(1)

  • Duos Data Center · Amarillo — Operating · source

Taylor County(10)

  • Lancium Abilene Clean Campus Data Center · Abilene — Under construction · source
  • Lancium Abilene Clean Campus II Data Center · Abilene — Under construction · source
  • Lancium Abilene Clean Campus III Data Center · Abilene — Under construction · source
  • Lancium Abilene Clean Campus IV Data Center · Abilene — Under construction · source
  • Lancium Abilene Clean Campus V Data Center · Abilene — Under construction · source
  • Lancium Abilene Clean Campus VI Data Center · Abilene — Under construction · source
  • Lancium Abilene Clean Campus VII Data Center · Abilene — Under construction · source
  • Lancium Abilene Clean Campus VIII Data Center · Abilene — Under construction · source
  • Oracle Data Center · Abilene — Under construction · source
  • Stargate Data Center · Abilene — Operating · source

Travis County(7)

  • Austin Data Center 2 LLC Data Center · Austin — Operating · source
  • ECX AUS11-16 Data Center · Austin — Under construction · source
  • EDC AUSTIN, LLC Data Center · Austin — Under construction · source
  • EdgeConneX AU02 Data Center · Austin — Under construction · source
  • Giga Texas Datacenter Data Center · Austin — Operating · source
  • SDC - Austin Tandem Data Center Data Center · Austin — Operating · source
  • Switch AUS 4 Data Center · Austin — Operating · source

Williamson County(1)

  • Hutto Data Center Campus LLC Data Center · Hutto — Under construction · source
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